A new study co-authored by Rekonas and the Universitätsspital Basel Department of Pneumology investigates the mortality risks associated with Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry (PRISm) and Sleep Disordered Breathing.
Rekonas has co-authored a new research letter together with research partner Dr. Med. Matthias Herrmann of the Universitätsspital Basel Department of Pneumology. The paper, titled "PRISm and the risk for all-cause mortality in relation to sleep disordered breathing: a community-based study", is published in the prestigious ERJ Open Research journal and explores the complex interplay between specific lung function patterns and sleep health.
Understanding the Research: A Layman's Guide
To understand the significance of this study, it helps to understand the two main conditions being analyzed: PRISm and SDB.
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What is PRISm?
PRISm stands for "Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry." In simple terms, it is a condition where a person's lung size (volume) is smaller than expected for their age and height, but their airways are not blocked or obstructed (unlike in COPD or asthma). It is often considered a precursor to other lung diseases or a marker for heart issues.
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What is SDB?
Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) includes conditions like sleep apnea, where breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. This lowers oxygen levels in the blood and strains the cardiovascular system.
The Key Question:
Previous research has shown that both lung issues and sleep apnea can shorten a person's lifespan. However, very little was known about what happens when a person has both PRISm and Sleep Disordered Breathing. Does having this specific lung pattern make sleep apnea more dangerous?
Key Findings
The study utilized data from the Sleep Heart Health Study (SHHS), analyzing over 3,400 participants to track survival rates over an average of 15.9 years.
The researchers found that:
- Prevalence: Approximately 12.2% of the study population had PRISm. These individuals tended to have a higher Body Mass Index (BMI) and experienced more severe drops in oxygen levels during sleep compared to those with normal lung function.
- Mortality Risk: While PRISm is often viewed as a high-risk marker, this study found that PRISm itself was not an independent cause of higher mortality after adjusting for age and heart health. However, for those with PRISm, having severe sleep disordered breathing significantly increased the risk of mortality.
Conclusion
This research highlights the importance of looking at the "whole picture" of a patient's health. It suggests that for patients with PRISm, doctors should be particularly vigilant about diagnosing and treating severe sleep apnea, as the combination poses a significant health risk.
You can read the full research letter in ERJ Open Research: 10.1183/23120541.01399-2024, or use the link below to download the paper.